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Machu Picchu: Restoring Nature, Inspiring Sustainability, and Leading a New Era of Climate-Positive World Heritage Tourism

As the world seeks models for regenerative tourism and effective climate action, Machu Picchu continues to stand as a living testament to how cultural heritage and nature can be protected together. Since earning its first Carbon Neutral Certification, the Historic Sanctuary has advanced a long-term vision where conservation, ecological restoration, and sustainable tourism reinforce one another. This article presents both an analytical overview of the sanctuary’s progress and a special Q&A with Mrs. Ruth Saire, Administrator of the Machupicchu National Historic Sanctuary, whose insights highlight the strategies, values, and collaborations behind Machu Picchu’s leadership in sustainability within Peru and across the region. Restoring Degraded Areas: A Commitment That Grows Stronger Every Year The first Carbon Neutral certification represented not only a milestone but also a renewed obligation to protect and restore one of the world’s most iconic landscapes. Since then, Machu Picchu has implemented substantial ecological restoration actions: These interventions have increased vegetation cover, improved soil stability, and enhanced the sanctuary’s carbon-capture capacity, ensuring tangible progress toward its sustainability goals. A Living Classroom: How Machu Picchu Teaches Sustainability to the World Machu Picchu is more than a historical marvel—it is a dynamic space for environmental education. Through the lens of Andean cosmovisión, the sanctuary communicates values of reciprocity, respect, and balance with nature. Visitors learn sustainability through: Thus, each visit becomes an opportunity for personal and collective awareness, promoting sustainable practices far beyond Peru’s borders. A Beacon for Other Iconic Sites: Tikal, Cristo Redentor, Galápagos, and More Machu Picchu has become an influential reference point for other renowned natural and cultural destinations. Delegations from Tikal (Guatemala), Cristo Redentor (Brazil), and the Galápagos Islands (Ecuador) frequently visit to study its conservation model and sustainable tourism management. This growing exchange opens the possibility of developing a regional network of sustainable destinations, strengthening collaboration through: Such cooperation would reinforce the region’s leadership in heritage conservation and climate action. Q&A With Ruth Saire – Administradora del Santuario Histórico Nacional de Machupicchu In this interview, Ruth Saire reflects on the ecological progress achieved within the sanctuary, Machu Picchu’s impact on visitors, and the importance of collaboration with other emblematic destinations. 1. What concrete advances have been achieved in restoring degraded areas since Machu Picchu’s first Carbon Neutral certification? “Since the first certification, it has represented both recognition and continuity in our commitment to preserve and strengthen the ecological restoration of the Machupicchu National Historic Sanctuary for the world. We have reforested critical areas with native species, restored eroded zones using bioengineering techniques, controlled invasive species, and strengthened the monitoring of natural regeneration. These actions have increased vegetation cover, improved soil stability, and enhanced the Sanctuary’s capacity to capture carbon, directly contributing to our sustainability goals.” 2. From the cultural perspective, how does Machu Picchu inspire and educate visitors to adopt more sustainable habits? “From a cultural perspective, we believe that Machu Picchu is a living example of sustainability. The Andean cosmovision expressed here teaches respect, reciprocity, and harmony with nature. Visitors learn by observing how the Incas built by integrating themselves into the environment rather than against it. In addition, the interpretive signage and the work of the Historic Sanctuary’s staff reinforce messages about conservation, responsible waste management, respect for wildlife, and fire prevention. All of this inspires visitors to adopt more conscious and sustainable practices.” 3. How do you perceive the growing interest from other destinations—such as Tikal, Cristo Redentor, or Galápagos—that visit Machu Picchu to learn from its experience? What actions are needed to strengthen collaboration? “The Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu is often compared with destinations such as Tikal, Christ the Redeemer, or the Galápagos, and in those comparisons our image is highly positive. These destinations see us as an international benchmark in the integrated and sustainable management of cultural and natural heritage, which opens opportunities for mutual learning and technical collaboration. To strengthen this relationship, we propose establishing a permanent network of sustainable destinations, promoting exchanges among specialists, harmonizing good environmental management practices, and developing joint projects in restoration, carbon neutrality, and responsible tourism management.” Conclusion: A Legacy of Stewardship for the Planet Machu Picchu’s leadership demonstrates how ancient knowledge, scientific rigor, cultural stewardship, and international cooperation can converge into a powerful model for climate-positive world heritage tourism. With champions like Ruth Saire guiding conservation and sustainable management efforts, the sanctuary continues to protect biodiversity, inspire global travelers, and collaborate with peer destinations—helping shape a future where culture, nature, and climate action thrive together. This article was written by Musye Lucen from the Green Initiative Team. Related Reading

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Community Update: Social Engagement in Cabo Blanco, Peru

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Listening, Learning, and Co-Creating a Regenerative Future for an Iconic Coastal Community Over the past few months, and with financing from IDB Invest, the Tamesis Impact team—in alliance with Green Initiative (GI International)—carried out an in-depth social engagement process in Cabo Blanco, Piura. This iconic coastal community, celebrated for its artisanal fishing heritage and cultural identity, is entering a defining moment as it explores new pathways for sustainable development, inclusive governance, and regenerative tourism. The purpose of this process was clear: to listen to Cabo Blanco’s residents, understand their priorities, and work collaboratively to envision a development model that honors their history while creating long-term social, economic, and environmental benefits. Building Trust Through Dialogue and Participation The engagement process included interviews with local authorities, community visits, and four thematic participatory workshops designed to encourage reflection, dialogue, and collective planning. We met with fishers, women leaders, youth groups, tourism stakeholders, and civil society organizations—each contributing essential perspectives. Key insights that emerged from these exchanges: 1. Openness to sustainable and regenerative tourism Residents show strong interest in tourism models that respect local traditions, protect marine and coastal ecosystems, and reinforce the cultural identity that defines Cabo Blanco. 2. Women and youth as leaders of transformation Throughout the process, women and young people demonstrated creativity, leadership, and a deep sense of commitment to their community’s future. 3. Need for integrated and inclusive governance The community expressed the importance of coordinated action among authorities, civil society, private actors, and community organizations to ensure coherent planning and equitable development. 4. Identity as the foundation of future development A recurring message across all workshops: Cabo Blanco’s greatest asset is its people—their resilience, pride, and strong connection to the sea. Why Cabo Blanco Can Become a Regenerative Tourism Model Cabo Blanco is far more than a destination. It is a living cultural landscape shaped by its fishing identity, its relationship with the ocean, and its place in Peru’s coastal history—from artisanal fishing traditions to its international recognition. This combination of heritage, identity, and community cohesion creates exceptional potential to develop a high-integrity regenerative tourism model, one capable of: A Shared Vision for Transformative and Responsible Development The alliance between Tamesis Impact, Green Initiative, and IDB Invest reinforces a commitment to responsible investment, social inclusion, and climate-resilient planning rooted in community voice. As emphasized by Joaquín Daly, Managing Partner at Tamesis Impact, the moment is both unique and urgent: “Cabo Blanco is at a turning point where identity, community engagement, and responsible investment can come together to shape a new development model for Peru’s coastal territories. At Tamesis Impact, we believe that real transformation begins by listening to people—understanding their values, their aspirations, and the heritage they want to protect. Working in alliance with Green Initiative and with financing from IDB Invest, we are helping co-create a regenerative vision that strengthens local leadership and ensures long-term social and environmental resilience.”— Joaquín Daly, Managing Partner, Tamesis Impacthttp://tamesis.com.pe/ Next Steps: Co-Designing a Community-Led Path Forward As Cabo Blanco embraces new opportunities, the priority remains the same: development shaped by and for the community. The insights gathered through this engagement process will inform the next phases of planning, technical analysis, and capacity building, ensuring that every step forward aligns with community values, territorial identity, and long-term sustainability. Cabo Blanco now stands at the threshold of becoming a flagship example of regenerative coastal development in Latin America, showing how communities, institutions, and responsible investors can work together to build a future rooted in identity, resilience, and shared prosperity. This article was written by Yves Hemelryck from the GI International Team. Related reading

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Green Initiative and Peru’s Amazon: Advancing Global Climate-Positive and Nature-Positive Action with BAM and the REDD+ Castañeros Project

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Peru stands as one of the world’s most strategic regions for implementing climate-positive and nature-positive solutions. Across its iconic landscapes— from Machu Picchu to Madre de Dios— the country is redefining how territories can integrate science, governance, community leadership, and verified impact to protect ecosystems while generating sustainable development. At the center of this transformation is Green Initiative, whose international climate governance model is being adopted by governments, destinations, and conservation partners throughout Peru. A key pillar of this effort is the alliance with Bosques Amazónicos (BAM) and its internationally recognized conservation program: the REDD+ Castañeros Project, one of the most relevant private REDD+ initiatives worldwide for climate and social impact. Together, these organizations are demonstrating how Peru can convert climate ambition into real, verifiable, and community-led implementation. Peru as a Global Model for Climate & Nature Positive Implementation Green Initiative works across multiple ecosystems and governance levels to accelerate: This integrated approach positions Peru as a global reference for implementation, not only commitment. The REDD+ Castañeros Project: A Cornerstone of Amazonian Conservation Developed by BAM in collaboration with more than 800 Brazil nut–harvesting families, the REDD+ Castañeros project protects over 600,000 hectares of unique and megadiverse Brazil nut forests in Madre de Dios. For more than 15 years, this alliance has safeguarded ecosystems of extraordinary importance while strengthening local livelihoods. This model directly supports Green Initiative’s mission:evidence-based climate action, measurable biodiversity protection, and community-centered development. 🌍 1. Climate-Positive Impact Through avoided deforestation and strengthened forest governance, the REDD+ Castañeros project generates high-integrity carbon credits with global relevance. Key climate outcomes: These achievements align with Green Initiative’s standards for traceability, transparency, and MRV integrity across territories. 👨‍👩‍👦 2. Community Impact & Inclusive Development The project’s social dimension is one of its greatest strengths. BAM works side by side with families that have protected Brazil nut forests for generations, providing incentives, tools, and opportunities for sustainable development. Social impact highlights: This mirrors Green Initiative’s philosophy: climate solutions must empower people first. 🐾 3. Biodiversity Protection & Scientific Innovation The REDD+ Castañeros territory is among the most biologically rich regions on Earth. Outstanding biodiversity contributions: These efforts strengthen the nature-positive goals that Green Initiative promotes globally:conservation based on science, technology, and local knowledge. Why This Alliance Matters for Peru and the World Global demand for high-integrity climate solutions is rapidly expanding. Territories that can demonstrate: are becoming the most attractive for climate finance, regenerative tourism, and international investment. The alliance between Green Initiative, BAM, and the REDD+ Castañeros community places Peru at the forefront of this movement, proving that real climate action must reconnect people, forests, and economic opportunity. From the Amazon to the World: Implementation That Sets a Benchmark Through this partnership, Peru advances: This is the pathway from ambition to implementation — and from implementation to global leadership. About Green Initiative Green Initiative is an international platform dedicated to climate governance, decarbonization pathways, nature-positive implementation, and ecosystem restoration, working with governments, World Heritage sites, conservation programs, and local communities. Its portfolio spans iconic destinations from Machu Picchu to Bonito, Cristo Redentor, Cabo Blanco, Angkor Wat, and the Galápagos, supporting them in achieving real, verifiable, and community-centered climate impact. REDD+ Castañeros in Focus: A Photographic Story by Walter H. Wust This article was written by Virna Chávez from the Green Initiative Team. Related Reading

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Machu Picchu Leads Global Climate Action with Its Third Carbon Neutral Certification

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From the heart of the Andes, Machu Picchu once again makes history — not only as a symbol of world heritage, but as a living model of how tourism and climate action can move together toward a shared future. In 2025, the iconic destination achieved its third consecutive Carbon Neutral Certification, granted by Green Initiative, consolidating its leadership in the global movement for climate-positive and nature-positive tourism. A measurable path toward decarbonization Between 2019 and 2024, Machu Picchu achieved a 7.26% reduction in its carbon footprint per tourist, while increasing its carbon capture through reforestation and ecological restoration projects. These results are not symbolic — they are measurable, verifiable, and replicable, proving that the decarbonization of tourism is possible when data, science, and collaboration converge. Behind this achievement lies a rigorous process of measurement, reduction, and compensation aligned with international standards such as the GHG Protocol and IPCC Guidelines. Residual emissions were offset through the retirement of high-integrity carbon credits, ensuring climate integrity and transparency across all levels of reporting. A model built on collaboration The certification reflects four years of work led by the Municipality of Machu Picchu, in collaboration with PROMPERÚ, Inkaterra, AJE Group, BAM (Bosques Amazónicos), SERNANP, Ministry of Culture of Peru (Decentralized Directorate of Culture of Cusco), Tetra Pak, together with partners including CANATUR, LATAM Airlines, MSC, Inka Rail, Peru Rail, Belmond and World Xchange. The process also integrated technical cooperation with UN Tourism, UN Climate Change (UNFCCC), UNCTAD, the Peru Circular Tourism Initiative, the Consulate of the German Embassy in Peru, and the Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation (AECID). It is a public-private and multilateral alliance that turned ambition into measurable action — a framework now inspiring similar transitions in destinations such as Cabo Blanco, Bonito, and Christ the Redeemer. Why it matters now A decade after the Paris Agreement, and as the world looks toward COP30, Machu Picchu stands as tangible proof that climate ambition can translate into practical results. Its model merges circular economy practices — such as pyrolysis for biochar production, biodiesel generation from used oils, and recycling of PET plastics, packaging, and glass — with improvements in sustainable mobility through electric vehicles. The integration of these strategies enhances the destination’s resilience to climate change, strengthening its role as a benchmark for regenerative and low-carbon tourism. The entire process follows the principles of transparency and traceability promoted by the Circular Tourism Peru framework, under the commitments of the Glasgow Declaration for Climate Action in Tourism led by UN Tourism. Toward the world’s first Carbon Neutral Tourism Corridor Building on this success, Machu Picchu is now spearheading the creation of the World’s First Carbon Neutral Tourism Corridor, connecting district municipalities from Machu Picchu to Cusco, including Choquequirao. The initiative aims to reduce regional emissions, foster public and private investment, and promote sustainable mobility while creating a more inclusive and climate-smart visitor experience. At the same time, Machu Picchu is expanding its reach through international collaboration with other emblematic World Heritage sites such as Angkor Wat (Cambodia) and Petra (Jordan), to exchange best practices that accelerate the fulfillment of the Paris Agreement and Glasgow Declaration objectives. Voices that inspire global transformation “From the District Municipality of Machu Picchu, we remain committed to continuously monitoring our carbon footprint and promoting policies that foster a circular and regenerative economy in harmony with nature.”— Elvis La Torre, Mayor of Machu Picchu “Through public–private and multilateral collaboration, we can achieve remarkable results in decarbonizing the economy. The experience accumulated here — and that we aim to scale worldwide — shows that tourism and climate action must go hand in hand.” — Gustavo Santos, Regional Director for the Americas, UN Tourism “Machu Picchu’s leadership highlights the impact of years of scientific data collection and standardization. Climate action becomes tangible when grounded in science and collaboration.” — Daniel Galván Pérez, UN Climate Change “Machu Picchu not only represents the greatness of our history and culture, but also Peru’s commitment to a sustainable future. Being the first World Cultural Heritage Site to achieve carbon neutrality is a milestone that reflects how tourism can be a positive force for conservation and development. Today, travelers around the world seek experiences that connect with nature and respect the environment; Machu Picchu demonstrates that it is possible to experience cultural heritage in harmony with the planet. This achievement inspires us to continue promoting tourism that protects, values, and transforms.” — María del Sol Velásquez, Director of Tourism Promotion, PROMPERÚ “The certification of Machu Picchu as a carbon-neutral destination marked a milestone in the environmental management of Peruvian tourism. This achievement opens the opportunity to move toward a more ambitious model, where tourist destinations strengthen their resource efficiency, reduce their carbon footprint, foster innovation, and consolidate the participation of local communities. At MINCETUR, we work to ensure that this example inspires other destinations to advance on the path toward sustainability and resilience, in alignment with the country’s climate commitments.” — Sophia Dávila, Director of the Directorate of Environmental Tourism Affairs, MINCETUR. “Tourism drives growth in many developing countries, but its future must be sustainable. Machu Picchu’s Carbon Neutral Certification is an example that it is possible to align decarbonization goals with economic development, making the sector a true ally of climate action.” — Claudia Contreras, Economic Affairs Officer, UNCTAD “Tourism does not only move economies — it moves memories, territories, and shared purpose. From CANATUR PERU, we promote a collaborative network within the sector that seeks to transform every destination into a node of sustainability, traceability, and resilience. Machu Picchu stands today as the living symbol of this transformation, reminding us that heritage is not simply preserved — it is managed with legitimacy, sensitivity, and a shared vision.” — Carlos Loayza, General Manager, CANATUR “The Carbon Neutral Certification symbolizes what happens when companies act with purpose. At AJE Group, we reaffirm our commitment to solutions that combine innovation, sustainability, and social well-being.” — Jorge Lopes-Dóriga, Director of Communication and Sustainability, AJE Group “For

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Circular Tourism Peru: A Model for Climate & Nature Positive Destinations

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The Circular Tourism Peru project, led by the National Chamber of Tourism of Peru (CANATUR), with the support of the Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation (AECID), the European Union, and the technical partnership of Green Initiative, has emerged as a pioneering model for integrating circular economy principles, climate action, and sustainability into tourism. Cabo Blanco and Machu Picchu: Living Laboratories for Circular Tourism In emblematic destinations such as Cabo Blanco and Machu Picchu, the project has developed technical workshops, carbon footprint assessments, and capacity-building programs for public, private, and community stakeholders. These efforts aim to reduce environmental impacts, promote regenerative practices, and establish replicable models of low-emission, climate-smart tourism across Peru and beyond. Key achievements include: Technical Impacts: From Measurement to Action From a technical standpoint, the project has developed climate performance indicators to measure, reduce, and offset greenhouse gas emissions. It also introduced a methodological guide for circular tourism tailored to Peru’s coastal and marine ecosystems. Initiatives include the promotion of energy, water, and waste efficiency, alongside eco-design practices, material revalorization, and blue economy principles, reinforcing the sustainable tourism value chain across the region. Circular Economy and Sustainability: A New Paradigm for Tourism The circular economy framework seeks to keep resources in use for as long as possible, reduce waste, and regenerate natural systems — replacing the traditional linear model of “take–make–dispose.” Aligned with the principles of sustainability, this approach balances economic, social, and environmental well-being while ensuring resource conservation for future generations. It also strengthens climate action, advancing tangible solutions to mitigate emissions and enhance resilience to climate change. Multisectoral Collaboration: Connecting Tourism, Science, and Community At the heart of the project lies multisectoral collaboration, bringing together diverse actors to drive systemic change: Toward a Replicable Model for the Future of Tourism Circular Tourism Peru demonstrates that sustainability and profitability are not opposing goals, but complementary pillars of the tourism of the future. By integrating science, community, culture, and conservation, the project redefines how destinations engage with climate challenges. With Cabo Blanco and Machu Picchu as living examples, Peru is setting a precedent for climate- and nature-positive tourism — one that not only drives economic prosperity but also restores ecosystems and empowers people. This article was written by Tatiana Otaviano from the Green Initiative Team. Related Reading

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Cabo Blanco Advances in Circularity and Decarbonization of Tourism in Peru

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On October 1, 2025, thanks to the Turismo Circular Peru project led by Canatur with the financing support of AECID – Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo and the European Union, a workshop took place in El Alto, bringing together authorities, partner organizations, and local community representatives. The gathering marked the beginning of a historic process to position Cabo Blanco as an international reference for climate action and sustainable tourism through circularity. Building Circular Tourism in Cabo Blanco The workshop was led by the District Municipality of El Alto, in collaboration with CANATUR, Inkaterra, Olas Perú, and Turismo Circular Peru. Together, they explored how circular economy principles and decarbonization strategies can transform Cabo Blanco into a sustainable surf tourism hub. Participants emphasized the importance of reducing emissions, adopting circular business models, and creating local value chains that benefit the community. The event also demonstrated how the Circular Tourism Peru project strengthens local capacities, ensuring that sustainability is not only a vision but also a concrete, measurable practice. Insights and Contributions Key interventions during the workshop included: Through participatory dynamics, attendees worked on practical solutions for reducing waste, optimizing resources, and strengthening Cabo Blanco’s positioning within the International Surf Cities Network. Next Steps This workshop is the first in a cycle of activities outlined in the project agenda, which will include: These steps aim to consolidate Cabo Blanco as a national and international benchmark for sustainable, circular, and regenerative tourism. A Shared Commitment The Cabo Blanco Circular Tourism Project is made possible by the leadership of the District Municipality of El Alto and the commitment of partners including AECID, the European Union, CANATUR, Inkaterra, Olas Perú, and Turismo Circular Peru.While Green Initiative contributes with technical assistance, the driving force behind this transformation is the collective effort of partners and the local community, working hand in hand to build a more resilient, inclusive, and circular model of tourism in northern Peru. This article was written by Virna Chavez from the Green Initiative Team. Related Reading

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Cabo Blanco Launches Workshops on Circular Tourism and Carbon Management: Skills, Jobs, and Growth for a Sustainable Future

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The Cabo Blanco Carbon Neutral Certification Project—led by the Municipalidad Distrital El Alto, CANATUR, AECID (Cooperación Española), the European Union, and organized by Green Initiative, responsible for the technical assistance of the Circular Tourism Peru project, with funding from AECID and the European Union, and with the valuable support of partners including Inkaterra Hotels, ITA Inkaterra Asociación and Olas Perú—is setting a new benchmark for sustainable tourism in northern Peru. At the core of this initiative is the creation of specialized training workshops designed to strengthen the technical and operational capacities of local tourism actors, both public and private. These sessions will enable stakeholders to adopt circular economy practices and implement carbon management tools, ensuring that Cabo Blanco advances toward becoming a climate-neutral and internationally competitive destination. Building Local Skills for Global Competitiveness The workshops—organized under the Turismo Circular Perú project, led by CANATUR with the support of AECID (Spanish Cooperation), the European Union, and carried out by Green Initiative —will combine technical training with practical application. Participants will learn how to: As Carlos Loayza, General Manager of CANATUR, notes:“These workshops are not just about knowledge transfer—they are about giving our communities the tools to become leaders in sustainable tourism, generating opportunities for business and employment while caring for the environment.” Driving Socio-Economic Benefits Investing in sustainability has clear economic advantages. Studies of certified sustainable hotels have shown measurable benefits, including higher revenue per available room (RevPAR) and stronger competitiveness. At the same time, niche markets such as surf tourism are already delivering significant local impact: in nearby Lobitos, surf tourism injects an estimated US$3.6 million annually into the local economy through visitor spending. By equipping Cabo Blanco’s stakeholders with the right skills, the workshops are expected to: As Tatiana Otaviano, Head of Relationships of Green Initiative, explains:“Sustainability is no longer just an environmental responsibility—it is an engine for prosperity. By training local actors in circularity and carbon management, we ensure that Cabo Blanco’s communities benefit directly from tourism growth.” A Shared Commitment The Cabo Blanco Carbon Neutral Certification Project represents a collective effort: As Mayor Reedy Bancayán Palomino of El Alto affirms:“For Cabo Blanco, this project is about more than tourism—it is about shaping a sustainable future, creating opportunities for our youth, and positioning our community as a global example.” Agenda – Cabo Blanco Carbon Neutral Certification Project Launch Location: Cabo Blanco, El Alto District, Piura – Peru Date: October 1, 2025Time: 14:00 hrs 1. Welcome and Introduction – 20 min Cultural activity: traditional local performance 2. Workshop: Circular Tourism Peru Project – 45 minOrganized by CANATUR, with funding from AECID – European Union and technical support from Green Initiative. 3. Cabo Blanco / El Alto Destination Development – 30 min Closing: Signing of the Glasgow Declaration on Climate Action in Tourism Looking Ahead These workshops are not isolated events; they are catalysts of transformation. By investing in capacity-building, Cabo Blanco is laying the foundation for a climate-positive, circular, and inclusive tourism model that delivers measurable environmental benefits while driving socio-economic growth.From training to action, from local empowerment to global recognition—Cabo Blanco is proving that sustainable tourism can create jobs, strengthen communities, and protect the planet. This article was written by Musye Lucen from the Green Initiative Team. Related Reading

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Machu Picchu’s Carbon-Neutral Pathway: Transparent MRV for Climate and Tourism

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Machu Picchu, Peru’s iconic UNESCO World Heritage Site, became the world’s first carbon-neutral certified tourism destination. This case study examines how the District Municipality of Machu Picchu, in collaboration with Inkaterra and under the technical coordination of Green Initiative, implemented a transparent, science-based system to measure, capture, reduce, and avoid greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Supported by local authorities and private sector partners, the initiative has achieved an independently verified 18.77% reduction in emissions since its initial certification in 2021. Background and Challenges Machu Picchu – a UNESCO heritage site – is the most famous archaeological site in South America and a major international tourism destination. It faces significant environmental risks due to unsustainable tourism practices, climate change, inadequate infrastructure, and policy gaps. Its Andean cloud forest ecosystem – home to rare species such as the Andean spectacled bear and orchids – is threatened by habitat loss, erosion, and shifting climate patterns. Additionally, fossil fuel use, unmanaged waste, and deforestation contribute to emissions. Maintaining its carbon-neutral status requires transparent measurement, nature-based solutions, improved infrastructure, and long-term environmental stewardship. Governance and Strategy The success of Machu Picchu’s decarbonization strategy lies in a robust multi-stakeholder governance model. Led by the District Municipality of Machu Picchu, the initiative included Inkaterra, CANATUR, The National Authority for Forest Conservation (Sernanp), International Promotion Agency (PROMPERÚ), AJE Group, TetraPak and international bodies such as UN Tourism, UNFCCC and UNESCO. Green Initiative coordinated the certification process.The climate strategy follows a three-tiered approach: Destination-level emissions accounting and planning; Business-level sustainability integration; Tourist-level engagement in carbon offsetting and restoration. This model, featured by Green Initiative at Climate Action Guide for Tourism Businesses and Destinations, available at the One Planet Network, positions tourism as a regenerative force for both climate and biodiversity. https://www.oneplanetnetwork.org/knowledge-centre/resources/climate-action-guide-tourism-businesses-and-destinations Climate Actions, Results, and Innovation Since 2019, Machu Picchu has developed a comprehensive decarbonization strategy, achieving an 18.77% reduction in its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions — from 8,761.89 tCO₂eq in 2019 to 7,117.55 tCO₂eq in 2022. This transformation has been made possible through the implementation of innovative solutions and concrete actions, articulated under a regenerative tourism model. The main mitigation measures include: Ecological restoration and reforestation with native species have been carried out across more than five hectares of the district, with a total of 6,596 trees planted. This intervention captured 5,055.17 tCO₂eq, divided between ecological zones (156 tCO₂eq) and historic-cultural zones linked to tourism (4,899.17 tCO₂eq). Circular solid waste management in Machu Picchu includes a pyrolysis plant that transforms organic waste into biochar and a biodiesel plant that reuses cooking oil. The district also has a PET compactor, glass crushers for construction reuse, and recycling bins distributed throughout the area. These actions enable waste valorization, reduce emissions, and promote good practices among residents and visitors.Sustainable transport initiatives include the use of electric vehicles for waste collection, reducing an additional 40.80 tCO₂eq. Emission measurement and management (Scopes 1, 2, and 3) are conducted using scientifically verifiable methodologies, with a focus on Scope 1 emissions, which account for 82.08% of the total, primarily from fossil fuel use in tourist trains, responsible for 63.49% of all emissions.Residual emissions were offset through the purchase of 2,155 carbon credits from the REDD+ Brazil Nut Concessions project in Madre de Dios, implemented by BAM. This project protects 600,000 hectares of forest and benefits over 800 families. These actions are complemented by awareness efforts targeting tourists and operators, the promotion of renewable energy, and the encouragement of sustainable tourism practices, positioning Machu Picchu as a pioneering low-carbon tourism model, recognized by the United Nations and recertified for climate performance in 2024. Impacts and Recognition Through public-private partnerships, emission reductions were complemented by strengthened governance, circular economy systems, and green infrastructure. Machu Picchu was presented at COP16 as a flagship for regenerative tourism, generating over $5 million in spontaneous media coverage and reaching more than 100 countries. It was awarded South America’s Leading Tourist Attraction 2024 and highlighted at the UN Biodiversity Conference.The initiative demonstrates double materiality – reducing climate risk while generating value for visitors, communities, and investors. As highlighted by the One Planet Network (2024), it also aligns with global frameworks like the Glasgow Declaration and Climate Neutral Now. The project seeks to attract climate finance and scale the model to other sites. Conclusion Machu Picchu shows that even fragile heritage sites can reconcile tourism with environmental protection. Its 18.77% verified emissions reduction, forest restoration, and innovations in waste and mobility position it as a global climate leader. Already inspiring similar actions in Cristo Redentor and the Taj Mahal, the initiative presents a replicable model for regenerative tourism.For policymakers, businesses, and communities, the case of Machu Picchu offers more than inspiration – it offers a call to action: to shift from extractive tourism to restorative, climate-responsible travel. This article was prepared by Erika Rumiche, Virna Chavez, Musye Lusen and Ella Baehringer from the Green Initiative team. Related Reading

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Ahead of COP30, UNESCO World Heritage Sites Unite for Climate Action at Machu Picchu

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Tourism is responsible for nearly 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions, placing destinations under growing pressure to decarbonize and integrate circular economy practices. Within this context, UNESCO World Heritage Sites stand at a crossroads. Their cultural and natural value is irreplaceable, and their visibility to millions of visitors makes them powerful platforms to prove that climate action and heritage preservation can go hand in hand. In November 2025, just days before the world gathers in Brazil for COP30, Machu Picchu — one of the most iconic UNESCO World Heritage Sites — will host Climate Talks Machu Picchu 2025. This historic high-level event will unite leaders from tourism, culture, and climate action, positioning heritage destinations as active players in shaping global climate solutions. A Historic First for Global Heritage For the first time, cultural and natural heritage sites will step onto the global stage of climate diplomacy. By aligning their preservation mission with ambitious decarbonization goals, these sites are sending a clear message: heritage is not only about safeguarding the past, but about shaping a livable future. At Climate Talks Machu Picchu 2025, World Heritage leaders will: COP30 Momentum With COP30 in Belém do Pará just around the corner, this initiative aims to inject fresh urgency into international climate negotiations. By placing heritage at the center of the climate agenda, world-renowned destinations are transforming from symbols of history into agents of change, amplifying their moral authority to inspire governments, industries, and communities. Workshop Circular Tourism, sponsored by AECID / CANATUR PERU Workshop on Circular Tourism, organized by Turismo Circular Perú — a national project led by CANATUR in collaboration with AECID. The workshop, delivered with the technical support of Green Initiative, will focus on strengthening local capacities to streamline best practices in circularity and decarbonization. By supporting Machu Picchu’s public and private stakeholders to streamline sustainable practices, the program seeks to enhance efficiency, reduce environmental impacts, and reinforce the destination’s role as a global benchmark in climate-smart and circular tourism. Celebrating Climate Leadership As part of the program, Climate Talks Machu Picchu 2025 will also host the 3rd Ceremony for the Carbon Neutral Certification of Machu Picchu, reaffirming the destination’s pioneering role as a benchmark in sustainable tourism. The agenda includes technical visits to explore circular economy practices in Machu Picchu, knowledge-sharing panels with representatives from Angkor Wat, Petra, the Galápagos, Taj Mahal, Bonito, and Tikal, and the signature of a global Call to Action. This milestone gathering will not only strengthen local and international collaboration but also celebrate tangible progress, ensuring that heritage sites lead by example in advancing climate neutrality. A Global Engagement The initiative is convened by the Municipality of Machu Picchu, CANATUR, Inkaterra, and the Green Initiative, with support from the German Embassy in Peru, the Peruvian Embassy in India, SEVEA (Cambodia), Cristo Redentor (Rio de Janeiro), and SERNANP, in collaboration with UN Tourism and the UNESCO Country Offices. Pedro Andrade Corrêa de Brito, International Relations Coordinator of Santuário Cristo Redentor, emphasized:“Cristo Redentor is not only a symbol of faith and unity for Brazil and the world, it is also a call to collective responsibility. By joining forces with Machu Picchu and other heritage icons, we reaffirm that protecting our most cherished cultural and natural treasures requires urgent climate action.” Gustavo Santos, Director of UN Tourism for the Americas, added:“Our vision for a thriving tourism sector, aligned with the great challenges humanity must overcome, is clear: tourism development and decarbonization can — and must — go hand in hand.” José Koechlin, President of Inkaterra, concluded:“Heritage destinations like Machu Picchu remind us that protecting the past is inseparable from safeguarding the future. By leading through example and working together across borders, we can turn climate ambition into pragmatic action. This is the responsibility of all parts of society — and the opportunity before us.” By aligning culture, nature, and tourism with ambitious climate goals, World Heritage Sites are sending a powerful message to the world: protecting our heritage means protecting our future. Machu Picchu will serve as the stage where history, culture, and climate converge, demonstrating how iconic destinations can lead by example and inspire change on a global scale. 📩 Media Inquiries and Participation Journalists interested in covering Climate Talks Machu Picchu 2025 or requesting further information are warmly invited to contact us at contact@greeninitiative.eco. Our team will be glad to provide press materials, facilitate interviews, and support media participation. The Green Initiative Team

Ahead of COP30, UNESCO World Heritage Sites Unite for Climate Action at Machu Picchu Read More »

Machu Picchu Achieves Significant Reduction in Carbon Emissions Since 2021 Certification

Machu Picchu’s Journey to Carbon Neutrality: Acelerating public and private decarbonization investments

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Machu Picchu, Peru – Leading Climate Action in Tourism Amidst the lush Peruvian Andes, Machu Picchu—one of the world’s most iconic cultural and natural landmarks—is redefining what it means to be a sustainable travel destination. With over 1.5 million visitors each year, the challenge was immense—but the will to act was even greater. In a recent interview for the Observatorio de Descarbonización y Economía Circular of the Cámara Nacional de Turismo (CANATUR), Elvis La Torre, Mayor of the District Municipality of Machu Picchu, shared the region’s ambitious climate goals, achievements to date, and critical lessons for the global tourism sector. A Bold Start: Why Machu Picchu Chose Decarbonization The decarbonization project officially began in 2021, led by the District Municipality of Machu Picchu, in collaboration with Inkaterra Asociación and Green Initiative. The decision was made in response to the urgent need to reduce the environmental impact of mass tourism and to shape a more resilient, sustainable development model following the COVID-19 crisis. Using 2019 as the baseline year, Machu Picchu began the Carbon Neutral Certification process and soon became the first UNESCO World Heritage Site to earn this recognition. In 2022, the destination became a signatory of the Glasgow Declaration on Climate Action in Tourism, further reinforcing its leadership in climate-smart tourism. “This certification, led by Green Initiative, gave us the opportunity to position Machu Picchu as a global leader in climate-intelligent tourism,” said Mayor La Torre in the CANATUR interview. Tangible Climate Results: From Waste to Regeneration To date, the outcomes have been remarkable: These milestones were achieved through robust collaboration among public and private stakeholders. Notably, Inkaterra, Grupo AJE, WorldXchange and Tetra Pak played key roles in implementing circular solutions. Luz del Sur provided technical assistance, while CANATUR offered strategic support, reinforcing strong climate governance. Additionally, Machu Picchu’s carbon footprint has been fully offset with 2,155 carbon credits from the REDD+ Brazil Nut Concessions project by Bosques Amazónicos (BAM), which protects over 600,000 hectares of megadiverse forests and supports more than 800 Amazon Brazil nut harvesting families in Madre de Dios, Peru. What’s Next: Scaling Impact and Inclusion Despite significant progress, major challenges remain. Chief among them is the need to expand both public and private financing to scale up the most impactful decarbonization initiatives—such as energy efficiency in tourism services and large-scale ecosystem restoration. Equally important is the continuous strengthening of existing programs, particularly those involving waste management through circular economy principles and the transition to clean energy. Most critically, there is a growing need to increase the active participation of local communities and businesses. Their involvement will be essential to ensure that this regenerative and carbon-neutral tourism model becomes permanent and self-sustaining. “The active participation of all stakeholders will be key to consolidating a regenerative and carbon-neutral tourism model that stands the test of time,” affirmed Mayor La Torre. A Model for the World Machu Picchu’s decarbonization journey is more than a local success story—it is a global call to action. As destinations worldwide face the escalating impacts of climate change, Machu Picchu proves that protecting heritage, supporting local livelihoods, and leading in climate action can go hand in hand. By embracing bold decisions, inclusive governance, and science-based climate solutions, Machu Picchu is charting a path toward a climate and nature-positive future—one that others can follow. 📌 Learn More & Get Involved Is your destination or organization ready to take the next step toward climate and nature-positive leadership? Discover how our certification and advisory services can help you generate measurable impact. 📩 Contact our team This article was written by Yves Hemelryck from the Green Initiative team Related Reading

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