Marc Tristant

The Forest Friends and SERNANP Collaboration for Machu Picchu

Green Initiative and Peru’s National Protected Areas Authority (SERNANP) Sign Collaboration Agreement to Support Ecosystem Restoration, Biodiversity, and Local Communities Through the One Million Trees for Machu Picchu Initiative

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The Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu is universally recognized as an architectural masterpiece and a symbol of the Inca civilization. However, beyond its profound cultural and historical significance, it is also a highly valuable and fragile ecosystem. Nestled at the convergence of the Andes and the Amazon basin, its cloud forests harbor exceptional biodiversity and play a critical role in regional water regulation. Today, this iconic landscape faces mounting environmental pressures, including forest degradation, the escalating impacts of climate change, biodiversity loss, and an increased risk of wildfires. Protecting Machu Picchu requires more than preserving its stone terraces; it requires the active restoration and defense of its surrounding natural habitats. Recognizing this imperative, Forest Friends (a Green Initiative program) and the National Service of Natural Protected Areas by the State (SERNANP) have signed a formal agreement to support the agenda behind the “One Million Trees for Machu Picchu” initiative. This collaboration represents a vital convergence of public sector conservation mandates and private sector technical expertise, designed to ensure the long-term conservation and resilience of one of the world’s most significant heritage sites. Beyond Planting: The “One Million Trees” Initiative The “One Million Trees for Machu Picchu” initiative is a landscape-scale conservation effort aimed at revitalizing the degraded areas within and surrounding the Historic Sanctuary. However, to view this solely as a tree-planting campaign is to misunderstand its scope. The initiative is a comprehensive ecological intervention designed to: Strengthening the Technical Agenda: The Role of Forest Friends A restoration project of this magnitude requires rigorous scientific planning and meticulous execution. Forest Friends, drawing on Green Initiative’s extensive expertise in climate advisory and environmental measurement, is supporting SERNANP in the initiative’s technical agenda. The collaboration focuses on integrating advanced restoration monitoring, strategic planning, and alignment with international best practices. By bringing robust technical methodologies to the forefront, Forest Friends helps the initiative align with the principles of the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration and other recognized global standards. This collaboration represents a scaling up of the experience we have built through our work with organizations in the tourism and travel sector, including CEPA Study Abroad, Tulu Travel, Swetours, KUODA Travel, WorldXChange, as well as other key partners such as MAPFRE, Mediterranean Shipping Company, and adidas. A Credible Opportunity for Corporate Contribution The preservation of global heritage sites is a shared responsibility. Through this collaboration, Forest Friends serves as a vital bridge, connecting companies and organizations around the world with high-quality restoration opportunities. For the private sector, supporting the “One Million Trees for Machu Picchu” initiative offers a unique proposition. It allows organizations to participate in a project that is not only emotionally resonant and rich in storytelling value, but also technically rigorous, validated, and measurable. By anchoring corporate contributions to a scientifically monitored framework, Forest Friends ensures that investments translate into tangible, verifiable environmental outcomes, safeguarding the reputations of supporting partners. Partner in the Restoration of a Global Icon and become a Machu Picchu Forest Friends Accelerator – Join the Forest Friends & SERNANP alliance. We offer companies a scientifically rigorous, measurable, and transparent way to support the “One Million Trees for Machu Picchu” initiative. The Imperative of Transparent Claims in a Regulated Landscape The necessity for such rigorous, technically backed restoration frameworks has never been more urgent. In today’s corporate landscape—particularly within European markets and other highly regulated jurisdictions—the scrutiny surrounding corporate sustainability claims is intensifying rapidly. With the introduction of regulations such as the EU Green Claims Directive and evolving global ESG disclosure expectations, the era of broad, unsubstantiated environmental messaging has ended. Companies are now required to back their environmental investments with empirical data, transparent monitoring, and standardized reporting. The Forest Friends and SERNANP collaboration is fundamentally designed to meet these modern compliance demands. It aligns not only with international restoration standards but also with the highest best practices for transparency and impact disclosure. Organizations that support this initiative are equipped to make credible, evidence-based claims linked to verifiable restoration outcomes. Ultimately, this partnership demonstrates that the future of environmental action lies at the intersection of ecological integrity and corporate accountability. By supporting structured, monitored, and internationally aligned restoration in Machu Picchu, forward-thinking organizations can protect a global treasure while confidently navigating the new standard of transparent, responsible sustainability reporting. This article was written by Marc Tristant from the GI International Team. Related Reading

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Learn how financial institutions assess SME emission boundaries, calculate financed emissions, and evaluate portfolio climate risk across Scopes 1, 2, and 3.

Understanding Scope 1, 2, and 3 Emissions: A Financial Institution’s Guide

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For financial institutions, evaluating climate risk is no longer a peripheral ESG exercise; it is a core component of credit risk assessment. As banks and asset managers commit to net-zero portfolios, the ability to accurately measure and manage scope 1 2 3 emissions finance data has become critical. However, when dealing with Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), financial institutions frequently encounter a significant data gap. SMEs often struggle to define their organizational and operational boundaries, leading to incomplete or inaccurate greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories. If a lender bases a Sustainability-Linked Loan (SLL) on flawed emissions data, they expose the institution to severe greenwashing risks and mispriced credit. This guide provides risk managers and credit officers with a practical framework for evaluating SME emission boundaries, understanding data collection methodologies, and managing portfolio climate risk across all three scopes. (Learn more about comprehensive SME evaluation in our parent guide: GHG Inventory Development for SMEs: A Financial Institution’s Framework to Climate-Ready Portfolios) Why Emission Boundaries Matter for SME Climate Loans Before diving into specific scopes, lenders must verify that the SME has correctly established its organizational boundaries. The foundational rule of carbon accounting (following ISO 14064 and the GHG Protocol) is that a company must consistently apply either the equity share or control approach (financial or operational) to consolidate its GHG emissions. The Risk for Lenders: If an SME uses the operational control approach for its headquarters but ignores a heavily polluting manufacturing subsidiary where it holds a 60% equity stake, the resulting GHG inventory is fundamentally flawed. For boundary setting for SME climate loans, financial institutions must cross-reference the corporate structure outlined in the loan application with the boundaries defined in the GHG inventory report. Breaking Down the Scopes for Risk Managers Scope 1: Direct Emissions and Asset Risk Scope 1 covers direct emissions from owned or controlled sources. For SMEs, this typically includes fuel combustion in owned boilers, furnaces, and company vehicles, as well as fugitive emissions (like refrigerant leaks from air conditioning systems). Scope 2: Indirect Emissions and Energy Exposure Scope 2 encompasses indirect emissions from the generation of purchased electricity, steam, heating, and cooling consumed by the reporting company. Scope 3: Value Chain and Financed Emissions Assessment Scope 3 includes all other indirect emissions that occur in a company’s value chain. For most businesses, Scope 3 accounts for 70% to 90% of their total carbon footprint. Crucially for banks, Category 15 of Scope 3 represents financed emissions—the emissions associated with your lending and investment portfolios. How do banks calculate scope 3 financed emissions? Lenders must aggregate the proportional emissions of their borrowers. If you finance 10% of an SME’s enterprise value, 10% of their total emissions (Scopes 1, 2, and 3) become your Scope 3, Category 15 emissions. Struggling to standardize your SME climate data requirements? Contact us to receive the Green Initiative’s Climate Mitigation Finance Guide for detailed ISO 14064 reference tables and sector-specific baseline frameworks. Common Boundary Errors in SME GHG Inventories When conducting a financed emissions assessment, credit officers should actively screen for these common SME reporting errors: Pro Tips: Data Collection Methodologies for Portfolios To accurately assess portfolio climate risk, financial institutions cannot rely on a fragmented collection of PDF reports from SMEs. You must implement standardized data collection methodologies: Conclusion: Transforming Data into Financial Strategy Understanding SME emission boundaries is the crucial first step in deploying credible climate finance. By rigorously evaluating Scope 1 direct risks, Scope 2 energy exposures, and Scope 3 value-chain vulnerabilities, financial institutions can protect their portfolios against transition risks while identifying lucrative opportunities for green lending. Accurate emissions data is the currency of the net-zero transition. When lenders standardise their demands for high-quality, verified GHG inventories, they empower SMEs to take meaningful climate action while securing the integrity of their own financed emissions targets. Are your credit officers equipped to evaluate SME climate data? Green Initiative provides specialized technical assistance and GHG verification services for financial institutions. Contact us today to schedule a climate finance advisory consultation and ensure your portfolio is built on investment-grade data. This article was written by Marc Tristant from the GI International Team. Frequently Asked Questions Related Articles

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A bank financial advisor discusses GHG inventory data and climate finance eligibility with an SME business owner, analyzing emissions charts on a laptop and tablet.

GHG Inventory Development for SMEs: A Financial Institution’s Framework to Climate-Ready Portfolios

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The global transition to a net-zero economy faces a massive structural paradox. While 73% of public and private financial institutions (FIs) now offer sustainable finance products tailored to Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), and the market opportunity for this segment reached USD 789 billion in 2023, the actual deployment of capital remains negligible. Despite rising interest, with 27% of SMEs expressing a desire to apply for climate finance, only about 3% actually submit an application, and a mere 1% successfully secure financing. For financial institutions, this “97% gap” represents a missed opportunity to decarbonize portfolios and capture new market share. The primary bottleneck is not a lack of capital, but a lack of Measurement, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) capacity. Most SMEs simply cannot produce the investment-grade emissions data that risk managers and credit committees require. This framework provides financial institutions with a systematic framework for evaluating GHG inventory development for SMEs. By standardizing how you assess climate readiness, your institution can bridge the technical gap, mitigate greenwashing risks, and unlock the “last mile” of climate action. The Strategic Imperative: Why SMEs Are the Missing Link SMEs represent over 90% of businesses and more than half of total employment worldwide. They are the “capillaries” of the global economy, connecting supply chains, cities, and rural communities. Without their active participation, global climate ambitions will remain incomplete. For financial institutions, the SME sector offers a dual opportunity: However, evaluating an SME is fundamentally different from auditing a large corporation. SMEs lack dedicated sustainability teams and sophisticated data infrastructure. To scale climate lending, FIs must move beyond passive “box-checking” and adopt a Climate-Mitigation Finance Framework (CMFF) that actively assesses—and supports—borrower maturity. Phase 1: Assessing Climate Maturity (The Pre-Screening) Before diving into spreadsheets of carbon data, credit officers must assess the borrower’s Climate Maturity Level (CML). Requesting a full ISO 14064 inventory from a company that hasn’t even defined its organizational boundaries leads to frustrated clients and unusable data. We categorize SMEs into maturity levels to determine the appropriate depth of analysis: Action for Lenders: Match the documentation requirement to the maturity level. For Level 1 clients, focus on Technical Assistance (TA) to build capacity before evaluating creditworthiness for complex climate projects. Phase 2: The Core GHG Inventory Assessment When an SME submits a GHG inventory for financing due diligence, it must do more than list emission numbers. It must tell a credible, verifiable story of the company’s impact. FIs should evaluate the inventory against three critical dimensions: Scopes, Baselines, and Quality Principles. 1. Defining the Scopes: What Must Be Measured? A bankable inventory must clearly distinguish between the three scopes of emissions. This distinction is vital because it determines risk exposure and reduction potential. 2. Establishing the Baseline: The Foundation of Credit In climate finance, the baseline is the reference point against which all future performance—and often the interest rate—is measured. A flawed baseline renders a Sustainability-Linked Loan (SLL) meaningless. The baseline must represent a “counterfactual business-as-usual” scenario: what would emissions be without the financing intervention?. Key Baseline Integrity Checks: 3. The Five Principles of Data Quality To accept a GHG inventory SME submission for credit risk assessment, FIs should demand adherence to the five international quality principles outlined by the GHG Protocol and ISO 14064: Phase 3: From Inventory to Investment-Ready Projects An inventory is a diagnostic tool; the goal is the cure (mitigation). Once the inventory reveals the “hotspots,” the FI must evaluate the proposed mitigation actions. Categorizing Eligible Activities Not all “green” projects are equal. FIs should classify proposed activities into three categories to determine eligibility for different funding windows (e.g., green bonds vs. transition finance): Sector-Specific Nuances A hotel’s inventory looks nothing like a farm’s. Phase 4: Setting Targets – The “Forward-Looking” vs. “Backcasting” Dilemma Once the inventory is verified, the SME must set a target. FIs play a crucial advisory role here. Which methodology should the borrower use? Forward-Looking Methodology (Capability-Based) This is an “Actions-First” approach. The SME asks: “What can we realistically change with our current budget and technology?” Backcasting Methodology (Science-Based) This is a “Targets-First” approach. The SME asks: “What does the science demand (e.g., 4.2% annual reduction)? Now, how do we get there?”. Bridging the Gap: The Role of Technical Assistance The most effective financial institutions don’t just assess risk—they reduce it through active support. The data shows that technical assistance (TA) provides high “value-for-money.” For every €1 of TA funding, programs have mobilized between €0.9 and €15 of finance. By embedding TA into your lending products—helping SMEs build inventories and measuring systems—you create your own pipeline of bankable assets. Pro Tips for Financial Institutions: Conclusion: Data as the Currency of Climate Finance For financial institutions, the ability to evaluate an SME GHG inventory is no longer a niche skill—it is a core competency of modern risk management. By systematically assessing climate maturity, ensuring rigorous inventory standards, and understanding the distinction between transitional and enabling activities, your institution can confidently deploy capital into the “missing middle” of the economy. The result is a portfolio that is not only compliant with emerging regulations but also resilient, profitable, and genuinely transformative. This article was written by Marc Tristant from the GI International Team. FAQ: GHG Inventory Development for SMEs & Climate Finance Related Articles

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