Ungcoliseko lwePlastiki kuPhononongo loNxweme lwaseBrazil: Iimbono ezisuka kubaphathi beehotele ngokuSetyenziswa kwePlastiki eSebenzisayo kanye.
Intshayelelo Ungcoliseko lwePlastiki yinkxalabo ekhulayo yehlabathi, emele malunga ne-12% yayo yonke inkunkuma kwihlabathi jikelele, kwaye imveliso ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Ngo-2019, imveliso yeplastiki ifikelele kwi-396 yezigidi zeetoni ngonyaka, ilingana neekhilogram ezingama-53 ngomntu ngonyaka. Ngaphandle kwale mveliso ingaka, yi-9% kuphela yazo zonke iiplastiki ezivelisiweyo eziphinde zarisayikilishwa. IBrazil iyodwa ivelisa iitoni ezizizigidi ezili-11.3 zenkunkuma yeplastiki ngonyaka, nto leyo eyenza ibe lilizwe lesine ngobukhulu emhlabeni jikelele ngokuvelisa inkunkuma yeplastiki. Iiplastiki ezisetyenziswa kanye (i-SUPs), njengeebhotile, iikomityi, kunye nokupakishwa, zinika ingxelo ngenxalenye ebalulekileyo yolu ngcoliseko, kunye nokulahlwa kwazo ngokungafanelekanga okukhokelela kwiimpembelelo ezinzulu zendalo, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezihlala elwandle. Uphononongo lujolise ekuphononongeni iimbono zabaphathi beehotele kunxweme lwaseBrazil malunga nokusetyenziswa kunye nokulawulwa kwee-SUPs, impembelelo yazo kukhenketho, kunye nemingeni ejongene nokutshintshela kwizenzo ezizinzileyo. Ngokujolisa kwaba bachaphazelekayo, abadlala indima ethe ngqo ekulawuleni unxibelelwano lwabakhenkethi kunye nokusingqongileyo, ifuna ukubonelela ngezimvo kwiimpembelelo ezibanzi zee-SUPs kushishino lokhenketho eBrazil. Impembelelo yePlastiki eSebenzisa Kanye kuKhenketho lwaseluNxwemeni Uphononongo luqaqambisa uluhlu lweembono zabaphathi beehotele malunga nomba wongcoliseko lweplastiki. Ngoxa abanye beyibona njengengxaki enkulu echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umtsalane wemimandla engaselunxwemeni, abanye bayigqala njengenkxalabo encinane. Uninzi lwabaphathi luyawuvuma umonakalo wokusingqongileyo owenziwe zii-SUPs kodwa qaphela ukuba iimeko zoqoqosho zihlala ziqhuba ukuthathwa kwezigqibo, ukubeka phambili ukongiwa kweendleko ngaphezu kokuqwalaselwa kwezendalo. Ungcoliseko lweplastiki alonakalisi nje ubuhle bendalo beendawo zokundwendwela kodwa lukwabeka iindleko eziphezulu zokucoca kumashishini asekuhlaleni. Abanye abaphathi beehotele bavakalise udano ngenxa yokungafumani nkxaso kukarhulumente kulawulo lwenkunkuma, ngokufuthi bebashiya bethwele umthwalo wokugcina iilwandle ezicocekileyo. Ezi nzame zibalulekile, njengoko ubukho bonxweme olugcwele inkunkuma bunokunqanda abakhenkethi kwaye kunciphise amava abo ewonke, kube nefuthe kuqoqosho lwengingqi. Ulawulo lweePlastiki eziSetyenziswa Kanye kwiiHotele Zonke iihotele ezithatha inxaxheba zixelwe zisebenzisa ii-SUPs, ikakhulu ngokohlobo lweekomityi, iibhotile, kunye nokupakishwa. Nangona kunjalo, yipesenti encinci kuphela ethatha inxaxheba kumalinge okunciphisa okanye okubuyisela ezi zinto. Amaqhinga okulawula ukusetyenziswa kweplastiki aquka ukutshintshwa kwezitro zeplastiki kufakwe ezinye izinto ezinokubola, ukufundisa iindwendwe nabasebenzi ngokusingqongileyo, ukulungiselela iinzame zokucoca iilwandle, nokuphumeza iinkqubo zoqeqesho lwangaphakathi ukuze kuncitshiswe ukusetyenziswa kweplastiki. Ngaphandle kwezi nzame, izithintelo ezininzi zithintela inkqubela phambili yeendlela ezizinzileyo. Abaphathi beehotele bachaza ukungabikho kweendleko ezisebenzayo kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wezinto ezizezinye zeplastiki, ukuchasana nabathengi abakhetha ukulungelelaniswa kwezinto ezilahlayo, kunye nokungabikho kobunkokeli obuqinileyo kunye nenkxaso yomtyali-mali njengemingeni ebalulekileyo. Ukongeza, amashishini amaninzi asokola ekuphumezeni imigaqo yoqoqosho esetyhula, ebonisa imfuno yotshintsho olubanzi lweshishini. Indima yoQoqosho lweSetyhula ekuJonganyeni noNgcoliseko lwePlastiki Uphononongo lugxininisa ukubaluleka kokuhamba ukusuka kwimodeli yomgca yokusetyenziswa kunye nokulahlwa kwindlela yoqoqosho lwesetyhula. Kuqoqosho lwesetyhula, iimveliso ziyilelwe ukunciphisa inkunkuma kwaye zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, ziphinde zisetyenziswe, okanye ziboleke. Olu tshintsho lufuna umzamo ohlangeneyo obandakanya utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha kwabathengi, iinguqulelo kuyilo lwemveliso, kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo exhasayo evela kumashishini abucala kunye noorhulumente. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphunyezwa kwemigaqo yoqoqosho lwesetyhula kwishishini leendwendwe lihlala lilinganiselwe ngenxa yokungaqondi kunye nemingeni ebonakalayo yokutshintsha iinkqubo ezisekiweyo. Abaphathi beehotele abaninzi bebengayazi indlela yokudibanisa le migaqo kwimisebenzi yabo, ebonisa imfuno yemfundo eyongezelelweyo kunye nokukhuthaza malunga nezenzo ezizinzileyo. Impembelelo yobhubhani we-COVID-19 ekuSetyenzisweni kwePlastiki Ubhubhani we-COVID-19 uye wawenza mandundu kakhulu umba wongcoliseko lweplastiki. Ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezilahlwayo njengeemaski, iigloves, kunye nokupakishwa okukodwa kube negalelo ekonyukeni kwenkunkuma yeplastiki. Le meko iveza imingeni eyongezelelekileyo kwimimandla eselunxwemeni esele izamana neempembelelo zongcoliseko lweplastiki kwizinto eziphila kuyo kunye nemisebenzi yokhenketho. Impembelelo yobhubhane ekuveliseni inkunkuma igxininisa imfuneko yokugxila ngokutsha ekuphuhliseni izisombululo ezizinzileyo ezilungelelanisa impilo kunye neenkxalabo zokusingqongileyo. Imizamo yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweplastiki kufuneka ihambelane nenyaniso entsha, ifake iimfuno zococeko ngaphandle kokunciphisa iinjongo zokuzinza. Iingcebiso zoLawulo oluZinzileyo lwePlastiki Ukujongana nengxaki yongcoliseko lweplastiki ngokufanelekileyo, isifundo sicebisa izicwangciso ezininzi eziphambili: Isiphelo Uphononongo lubonelela ngengqiqo ebalulekileyo kwimingeni ejongene nabaphathi beehotele zonxweme eBrazil malunga nokulawulwa kwee-SUPs. Nangona kukho ulwazi olukhulayo lwemiba yokusingqongileyo eyenziwa lungcoliseko lweplastiki, iinkxalabo zoqoqosho kunye nokungabikho kwezisombululo ezizezinye kuthintela inkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo. Ubhubhani we-COVID-19 uye wayenza mandundu le mingeni, inyusa imfuno yezinto ezilahlwayo kunye neenzame ezinzima zokunciphisa inkunkuma yeplastiki. Ukuqhubela phambili kwikamva elizinzileyo, kukho imfuneko ecinezelayo yokwamkelwa ngokubanzi kwemithetho-siseko ejikelezayo yoqoqosho, imimiselo eyomeleleyo, kunye nokutshintsha kwindlela yokuziphatha yabathengi kunye neshishini. Ngokujongana nale mingeni, icandelo lokwamkela iindwendwe lingadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni ungcoliseko lweplastiki kunye nokukhusela ubuhle bendalo bemimandla yonxweme yaseBrazil ukwenzela izizukulwana ezizayo. Sifuna ukwenza umbulelo ongazenzisiyo kuJaqueline Gil, ilungu lethu leBhunga leNgcebiso kwezeNzululwazi nobuGcisa, ngokusivumela ukuba sabelane ngolu phando lubalulekileyo. Uphononongo, olunesihloko esithi “Poluição plástica no litoral brasileiro: percepções de gestores de meios de hospedagem sobre consumo de descartáveis,” lubhalwe nguDavid Leonardo Bouças da Silva, Jaqueline Gil, Elimar Pinheiro do Nascimento, Helena Araújoi Costa, kunye no-Helena Araújoi Costa. Ipapashwe kwiRevista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Turismo (RBTUR), São Paulo, umthamo we-16, e-2481, ngo-2022. Siyalixabisa ithuba lokuzisa ingqalelo engakumbi kwezi ziphumo zixabisekileyo. Sicebisa ukuba kufundwe uphononongo olupheleleyo, olunokufikelelwa apha: https://doi.org/10.7784/rbtur.v16.2481. Ukuba umbutho wakho ujongene nemingeni yongcoliseko lweplastiki kunye nolawulo lweeplastiki ezisetyenziselwa enye (i-SUPs), siyakukhuthaza ukuba uqhagamshelane nathiGreen Initiative