Kusvibiswa kwePlastiki muChidzidzo cheMhenderekedzo yeBrazil: Maonero Kubva Mamaneja Emahotera PaKushandiswa Kwekamwe-Kushandisa Plastic Disposals.
Nhanganyaya Kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki kuri kuwedzera kunetsa pasi rose, zvichimiririra chikamu chegumi nembiri chemarara pasi rose, uye kugadzirwa kuri kuwedzera nekukurumidza. Pakazosvika 2019, kugadzirwa kwepurasitiki kwakasvika 396 miriyoni matani pagore, yakaenzana ne53 kilogiramu pamunhu pagore. Pasinei nekugadzirwa kukuru uku, 9% chete yemapurasitiki ese akagadzirwa akashandiswazve. Brazil chete inogadzira 11.3 miriyoni matani emarara epurasitiki pagore, zvichiita kuti ive yechina pakukura mugadziri wemarara epurasitiki pasi rose. Mapurasitiki anoshandiswa kamwe chete (SUPs), semabhodhoro, makapu, uye kurongedzerwa, anoverengera chikamu chakakosha chetsvina iyi, nekuraswa kwawo zvisina kunaka kunotungamira kune zvakanyanya kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza, kunyanya munzvimbo dzemugungwa. Chidzidzo ichi chine chinangwa chekuongorora zvinofungwa nemamaneja emahotera pamhenderekedzo yeBrazil maererano nemashandisirwo uye manejimendi eSUPs, mabatiro aanoita pakushanya, uye matambudziko anosanganikwa nawo mukuchinja kuenda kumaitiro akasimba. Nekutarisisa kune ava vane chekuita, vanoita basa rakananga mukugadzirisa kudyidzana kwevashanyi nenharaunda, inoda kupa ruzivo mune zvakakura zvinorehwa neSUPs kuindasitiri yekushanya muBrazil. Mhedzisiro yeSingle-Use Plastics paCoastal Tourism Chidzidzo ichi chinoburitsa maonero akasiyana kubva kumamaneja emahotera nezvenyaya yekusvibiswa kwepurasitiki. Nepo vamwe vachizviona sedambudziko rakakura rinokanganisa zvakananga kukwezva kwenharaunda dzemahombekombe, vamwe vanozviona sechinhu chidiki chinonetsa. Ruzhinji rwevatungamiri vanobvuma kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kunokonzerwa neSUPs asi cherechedza kuti zvinhu zvehupfumi zvinowanzoita kuti pave nekuita sarudzo, kuisa mberi kuchengetedza mari pamusoro pekufunga kwezvakatipoteredza. Kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki hakungoshatise runako rwenzvimbo dzekushanya chete asiwo kunoisa mari zhinji yekuchenesa kumabhizinesi emuno. Vamwe mamaneja vemahotera vakaratidza kushushikana nekushaikwa kwerutsigiro rwehurumende rwekufambiswa kwemarara, izvo zvinowanzovasiya vatakura mutoro wekuchengetedza mahombekombe akachena. Kuedza uku kwakakosha, sezvo kuvapo kwemahombekombe ane marara kunogona kukanganisa vashanyi uye kuderedza ruzivo rwavo rwese, zvichikanganisa hupfumi hwenzvimbo. Kutarisira Mapurastiki Anoshandiswa Kamwechete muHotera Mahotera ese ari kutora chikamu akashuma achishandisa maSUP, kunyanya ari muchimiro chemakapu, mabhodhoro, uye kurongedzerwa. Zvisinei, chikamu chiduku chete muzana ndicho chakashanda nesimba muzvirongwa zvekuderedza kana kutsiva zvinhu izvi. Matanho ekugadzirisa kushandiswa kwepurasitiki aisanganisira kutsiva mashanga epurasitiki neimwe nzira dzinogona kuparara, kuita dzidzo yezvakatipoteredza kune vaenzi nevashandi, kuronga kuedza kwekuchenesa mahombekombe, uye kuita zvirongwa zvekudzidzisa zvemukati kuderedza kushandiswa kwepurasitiki. Pasinei nekuedza uku, zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda zvinotadzisa kufambira mberi kune maitiro anogara aripo. Mamaneja emahotera akataura kusavapo kwedzimwe nzira dzepurasitiki dzinodhura uye dzemhando yepamusoro, kuramba kubva kune vatengi vanosarudza kurerukirwa kwezvinhu zvinoraswa, uye kushomeka kwehutungamiriri hwakasimba uye rutsigiro rwevanosima mari sematambudziko makuru. Pamusoro pezvo, mabhizinesi mazhinji akanetsekana nekushandisa misimboti yehupfumi inotenderera, zvichiratidza kudikanwa kwekuchinja kwakawanda kwemaindasitiri. Basa reCircular Economy muKugadzirisa Kusvibiswa kwePlastiki Chidzidzo chinosimbisa kukosha kwekufamba kubva kune mutsara wemuenzaniso wekushandisa uye kuraswa kune nzira yehupfumi yakatenderera. Muhupfumi hwedenderedzwa, zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirirwa kuderedza marara uye zvinogona kushandiswa zvakare, kudzokororwa, kana biodegradable. Kuchinja uku kunoda kushanda pamwe chete kunosanganisira shanduko mumaitiro evatengi, hutsva mukugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa, uye marongero anotsigira kubva kumapato akazvimirira nehurumende. Nekudaro, kuitwa kweiyo denderedzwa hupfumi misimboti muindasitiri yekugamuchira vaenzi inoramba ishoma nekuda kwekusanzwisisa uye matambudziko anoshanda ekuchinja masisitimu akamiswa. Mamaneja mazhinji emahotera akanga asingazivi nzira yekubatanidza misimboti iyi mukushanda kwavo, zvichiratidza kudiwa kwedzidzo yakawanda uye tsigiro pamusoro pemaitiro akasimba. Impact yeCOVID-19 Pandemic paPurasitiki Kushandisa Denda reCOVID-19 rawedzera zvakanyanya nyaya yekusvibiswa kwepurasitiki. Kuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinoraswa semasiki, magurovhosi, uye kushandiswa-kamwe kurongedza kwakakonzera kuwedzera kwemarara epurasitiki. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anopa mamwe matambudziko kumatunhu ari kumahombekombe ari kutonetsana nezvinokonzeresa kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki pamagariro avo uye zviitiko zvekushanya. Kukanganisa kwedenda pakugadzirwa kwemarara kunosimbisa kukosha kwekutarisa patsva pakugadzira zvigadziriso zvinodzikamisa hutano uye zvakatipoteredza. Kuedza kudzikisa kushandiswa kwepurasitiki kunofanirwa kuenderana neicho chokwadi chitsva, kubatanidza zvinodiwa zvehutsanana pasina kukanganisa pazvinangwa zvekusimudzira. Recommendations for Sustainable Management of Plastics Kugadzirisa dambudziko rekusvibiswa kwepurasitiki zvinobudirira, chidzidzo chacho chinopa mazano akawanda anokosha: Mhedziso Chidzidzo chinopa ruzivo rwakakosha pamusoro pezvinetso zvinotarisana nevatungamiriri vehotera dzemahombekombe muBrazil maererano nekutungamirirwa kweSUPs. Kunyange zvazvo kune ruzivo rwakakura rwematambudziko ezvakatipoteredza anokonzerwa nekusvibiswa kwepurasitiki, kunetseka kwehupfumi uye kushayikwa kweimwe nzira yekugadzirisa kunotadzisa kufambira mberi kukuru. Denda reCCIDID-19 rawedzera matambudziko aya, richiwedzera kudiwa kwezvinhu zvinoraswa uye kuomesera kuedza kuderedza marara epurasitiki. Kuti tifambe takananga kune remangwana rakagadzikana, pane kudiwa kwakanyanya kwekugamuchirwa kwemisimboti yehupfumi yakatenderedza, mirau yakasimba, uye shanduko yemaitiro evatengi nemaindasitiri. Nekugadzirisa matambudziko aya, chikamu chekugamuchira vaenzi chinogona kuita basa rakakosha mukudzikisa kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki nekuchengetedza runako rwenzvimbo dzemahombekombe eBrazil kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera. Tinoda kupa kutenda kwedu nemoyo wese kuna Jaqueline Gil, nhengo yedu yeScientific and Technical Advisory Council, nekutibvumira kugovera tsvakiridzo yakakosha iyi. Chidzidzo ichi, chine musoro unoti “Poluição plástica no litoral brasileiro: percepções de gestores de meios de hospedagem sobre consumo de descartáveis,” chakanyorwa naDavid Leonardo Bouças da Silva, Jaqueline Gil, Elimar Pinheiro do Nascimento, Helena Araújoi Costax, naDavid Leonardo Bouças da Silva, Jaqueline Gil, Elimar Pinheiro do Nascimento, Helena Araújoi Costa, uye. Rakatsikiswa muRevista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Turismo (RBTUR), São Paulo, vhoriyamu 16, e-2481, muna 2022. Tinoonga mukana wekuunza pfungwa huru kune izvi zvakakosha zvakawanikwa. Tinokurudzira kuverengwa kwechidzidzo chakazara, chinogona kuwanikwa pano: https://doi.org/10.7784/rbtur.v16.2481. Kana sangano rako rakatarisana nematambudziko nekusvibiswa kwepurasitiki uye manejimendi e-single-use mapurasitiki (SUPs), tinokukurudzira kuti utibate paGreen Initiative