Te Hiranga o te Whakahaere Tapuwae Waro me te Whakanui ake i te Oranga Tonutanga i roto i te Rāngai Hī Ika: Te Whakanui i te Tiwhikete Ine Waro a te NFCS
Green InitiativeTe Tiwhikete Ine Waro a. E whakaatu ana tēnei kaupapa nui i te tūranga o te whakahaere tapuwae waro hei wāhanga matua o te whakataetae mō te wā roa a te NFCS, e whakapūmau ana i ngā whai wāhitanga hou mō te urunga atu ki te mākete me te whakauru atu ki ngā mekameka uara o te ao. I tautokona tika te kaupapa e te Caribbean Regional Fisheries Mechanism (CRFM) hei kaupapa hei neke i te ara whanaketanga hī ika o Belize ki tētahi mahi waro-iti/kore waro hei tautoko i te kaupapa here me te rautaki whanaketanga ōhanga kikorangi. Mā te whakapai haere i ana mahi whakahaere me te awhi i ngā auahatanga hangarau, pūtea, me te hanganga, kei te whakataurite te NFCS i te mahi ōhanga me te whakaiti i ngā tukunga CO2, te oranga tonutanga o ngā ika, me te tiaki i ngā rauropi moana. Mā tēnei ka tū te mahi tahi ki tētahi ara mārama e anga atu ana ki tētahi heke mai e mau tonu ana, e kaha ake ana hoki te whakataetae. Te Whakateretere i te Whakakorenga i te Waro o ngā Hī ika i te Karipiana He wāhanga nui te rāngai hī ika mō te haumarutanga kai o te ao me te whakaputa moni, inā koa mō ngā whenua moutere iti, ā, he puna mahi nui hoki, e tautoko ana i te neke atu i te 58 miriona tāngata puta noa i te ao. (FAO, 2022) Heoi anō, e 4% pea te nui o ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi (GHG) o te rāngai kai e whai wāhi ana ki tēnei. Hei whakarite i te tūranga matua o te hī ika i roto i te ōhanga matomato, kore-tukunga tukunga, he hiahia nui kia whakatinanahia ngā haumitanga tango waro hei tautoko i ngā mahi tahi hī ika iti pēnei i te NFC=S ki te whakahaere i ngā haumitanga e hiahiatia ana hei whakanui ake i te whai huatanga, hei whakaiti i ngā utu pūngao me te uru atu ki ngā mākete hī ika tauwhiro hou, e tere tipu haere ana. Ka taea te whakarōpū i te haerenga ki te tango waro i te rāngai hī ika i te Karipiana ki ngā taumata matua e toru o ngā wero. Ko te wero tuatahi, ko te wero nui rawa atu hoki, ko te pakari o te hangarau. Kāore anō kia pakari ngā hangarau e hiahiatia ana hei whakatutuki i te kore tukunga i roto i te rāngai hī ika, he rerekē ki ētahi atu rāngai. E rere ana ngā waka hī ika ki tai, he maha ngā wā he tawhiti atu i ngā tauranga, nō reira e hiahiatia ana he otinga tino pono. Ko ngā hangarau tata rawa atu hei āwhina i te whakawhiti ko ngā mahi penapena-pūngao pēnei i ngā miihini e iti ake ai te wahie e pau ana, e iti ake ai hoki ngā poke e tukuna ana, tae atu ki ngā hoahoa kaipuke kua whakapaitia. Ko te taumata tuarua o ngā wero ko te whakawhanaketanga me te whakamahi i ngā wahie rerekē. Mā te whakamahi i ngā wahie koiora, te hau koiora, ngā miihini ranu, me te hauwai matomato ka taea te whakaiti i ngā tukunga. Heoi, me whai whanaketanga me te haumi tonu ēnei hangarau. Ko te tuatoru o ngā taumata wero ko te whakawhanaketanga o ngā hangarau whakatere hau. I ngā wā o mua, ko te pana hau te huarahi matua mō te kawe waka i roto i te moana. Ahakoa kua piki haere ngā whanaketanga o te whakatere waka i ngā mahi tūruhi, pērā i ngā kaipuke tere, kāore anō ēnei kia whānuitia te whakamahi i roto i te rāngai hī ika. Mā te haumi ki ngā hangarau whakatere hau atamai, auaha hoki, ka taea e ngā umanga hī ika iti me ngā umanga nui te whakamahi i ngā rā, ka whakaiti i tō rātou whakawhirinaki ki ngā wahie pūmua. Haunga te whakawhanaketanga o ngā hangarau hou, ko te whakawhiti ki ngā mahi tauwhiro ake i roto i te rāngai hī ika he nui te haumi pūtea me ngā huringa hanganga. He haumitanga roa te whakakapinga o ngā kaipuke hī ika, e tū ana i ia 20 ki te 40 tau. He mea nui te waihanga i ngā kaupapa whakatenatena i roto i ngā rāngai tūmatanui me ngā rāngai tūmataiti hei whakahaere i tēnei whakawhiti kia taea ai te whakamahi i ngā kaipuke hou ake e mau tonu ana, me te iti ake o ngā mōrearea whakapaipai. Me whakarato hoki ngā tauranga i ngā hanganga e tika ana hei tautoko i ngā wahie hou me ngā wahie rerekē, kia pai ai te whakawhiti i te mea ka whakakapia ngā kaipuke tawhito ki ngā momo hou ake, he pumau ake. He mea nui anō hoki te tiaki me te whakaora i ngā pūnaha rauropi moana hei pupuri i te kanorau koiora me te tautoko i ngā momo ika, ā, nō reira, hei oranga mō te wā roa mō ngā kaihao ika me ngā pūnaha rauropi e whakawhirinaki atu ana rātou. E ai ki a Vivas (2024), he uaua te whakataurite i ēnei whāinga nā te mea e hiahiatia ana he tirohanga rautaki, he whakahaere pūtaiao mō te tiaki tika i ngā kararehe hī ika, me ngā haumitanga. He tino uaua pea tēnei mō ngā mahi hī ika iti, engari koinei tonu te momo wero e pā ana ki te NFCS, e takaro ana i te tūranga matua i ngā taumata rohe me te ao. Te Huringa Tiwhikete Ine Waro I te tau 2024, i whakahaerehia e te NFCS, i raro i te tautoko a te CRFM, tētahi aromatawai taipitopito o tōna tapuwae waro, e kapi ana i te Whānuitanga 1, 2, me te 3. Mā tēnei huarahi tino tika ka whakarite kia whai whakaarohia ngā pūtake tukunga katoa i roto i ā rātou mahi. E ai ki ngā hua, he iti iho ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi a te NFCS i ērā atu paearu i roto i te umanga hī kōura, he 2,95kg te nui o te CO2 i tukuna mō ia kg o te hua whakamutunga, ko ētahi atu mahi hī ika o Ahitereiria i tātarihia i tukuna mai i te 6.92 ki te 13.00 kg o te CO2 mō ia kg o te hua whakamutunga, i runga anō i ngā tukunga e pā ana ki te hī ika, te tukatuka, me te tākai. Mā te tātari i ngā pūtake tukunga tino pāngia, i whakatakotohia e te NFCS ētahi mahi whakaiti i te kino, tae atu ki te neke ki ngā pūtake pūngao ma, te haumi ki ngā miihini me ngā hangarau e whai hua ana te pūngao, te tūhura i ngā wahie rerekē, me te arotau i ngā mahi hī ika. Ko te whāinga o ēnei mahi he whakaiti i ngā tukunga waro i ngā tau e whai ake nei. Ko te kaupapa a te NFCS he whakatinanatanga mārama me te whai wāhi kaha mai i ngā kaipupuri katoa, kia mau tonu ai te pānga pai ki te taiao, ki te hapori, me te ōhanga. Ngā Whakatau Mā te mahi matatau ki te ine me te whakaiti haere i ana tukunga CO2, ehara i te mea kei te whakarei ake a NFCS i tōna oranga tonutanga engari kei te whakapakari hoki i tōna painga whakataetae i roto i te mākete hī ika o te ao. I te mea ko tētahi o ngā kaihanga hī ika iti-tukunga o te ao, kua rite te NFCS ki te whakauru atu ki ngā mekameka uara hī ika tauwhiro, e tere haere ana te horapa atu i ngā mahi tuku iho, kāore i te tino tauwhiro. Ko tētahi tauira mārama o tēnei whai wāhitanga kei roto i ngā kamupene kaipuke o te ao o te Karipiana, he maha o ēnei e whakapau kaha ana ki te tango i te waro me te tiki rauemi mai i ngā mahi hī ika tauwhiro. Mā te whakahaere i tōna tapuwae āhuarangi, kei te huri te NFCS hei kaiwhakarato matua o te kōura tauwhiro, e āwhina ana i ngā kaipuke tere ki te whakaiti i ā rātou tukunga waro whānuitanga 3. E whakaatu ana tēnei me pēhea e taea ai e ngā rautaki whakaiti āhuarangi te whakaputa hua tūturu mō ngā mahi hī ika iti i te Karipiana. Kia whakanuia te whakapau kaha a te NFCS ki te oranga tonutanga, me te titiro whakamua ki tētahi ao kei te heke mai e kore e tupu noa te umanga hī ika engari e mahi tahi ana me te ao whānui.
