Bikin Ranar Muhalli ta Duniya 2024: Girmama Kwayoyin Halitta na Duniyarmu

Yuni 5, Ranar Muhalli ta Duniya 2024

A wannan Ranar Muhalli ta Duniya, muna bikin tare da sadaukar da kai don kare bambance-bambancen rayuwa a duniyarmu. Kowane biome yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kiyaye ma'aunin muhallin duniya da kuma dorewar rayuwa. A wannan shekara, muna tono zurfi cikin maido da ƙasa, kwararowar hamada, da juriyar fari a ƙarƙashin ƙasa Shirin Muhalli na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya taken "Ƙasarmu. Makomar mu. Mu ne #GenerationRestoration."

Muhimman Matsayin Biomes

Dazuzzuka masu zafi

Dazuzzukan dazuzzukan wurare masu zafi, kamar Amazon da Basin Kongo, su ne huhun duniyarmu. Su ne cike da bambancin halittu kuma suna da mahimmanci don daidaita yanayin duniya. Waɗannan taskoki da ba za a iya maye gurbinsu ba suna tallafawa nau'ikan nau'ikan da ba su da yawa kuma suna da mahimmanci ga lafiyar duniyarmu. Mu himmatu wajen kiyaye waɗannan kyawawan dabi'un halittu masu rai.

Fun Gaskiya: Hecta guda na gandun daji na iya ƙunsar nau'ikan bishiyoyi sama da 750 da nau'ikan tsire-tsire masu tsayi 1,500.

Savannas

Savannas, wanda ya mamaye Afirka, Amurka ta Kudu, da Ostiraliya, suna tallafawa nau'ikan namun daji da yanayin muhalli iri-iri. Waɗannan filayen ciyawa, tare da daminansu na yanayi, suna tunatar da mu juriyar yanayi da mahimmancin amfani da ƙasa mai dorewa. Kare savannas yana tabbatar da wanzuwar nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan da ke cikin su.

Fun Gaskiya: Serengeti a Afirka ta dauki nauyin ƙaura na dabbobi masu shayarwa a duniya, tare da dabbobin daji sama da miliyan 1.5 da zebra 200,000 suna yin tattakinsu na shekara-shekara.

Hamada

Hamada, irin su Sahara da Gobi, koya mana game da rayuwa da karbuwa a cikin mafi munin yanayi. Duk da yanayin bushewarsu, hamada tana cike da rayuwa ta musamman don bunƙasa inda ruwa ya yi ƙamari. Kare waɗannan halittu masu rauni yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye ma'auni mai laushi. The Babban Green Wall yunƙurin maido da kadada miliyan 100 na ƙasar Afirka, ya misalta ƙoƙarin yaƙi da kwararowar hamada da inganta dawo da ƙasa.

Fun Gaskiya: Hamadar Sahara, wadda ita ce hamada mafi girma a duniya, tana da fadin murabba'in kilomita miliyan 9.4—kimanin girman kasar Kanada. Yana gida ga nau'ikan tsire-tsire sama da 500 da nau'ikan tsuntsaye 90 daban-daban.

Daban-daban Biomes da Gudunmawarsu Na Musamman

Dazuzzuka masu zafi

Dazuzzukan dazuzzuka, da ake samu a Arewacin Amirka, Turai, da Asiya, suna ƙawata mu da canjin yanayi da flora da fauna iri-iri. Wadannan gandun daji suna da mahimmanci don ajiyar carbon, kiyaye ƙasa, da kuma samar da wurin zama ga nau'in nau'i marasa adadi. Tabbatar da waɗannan gandun daji sun kasance masu ƙarfi da lafiya yana da mahimmanci ga tsararraki masu zuwa.

Fun Gaskiya: Bishiyar da aka fi sani da ita a duniya, itacen pine bristlecone mai suna Methuselah, tana cikin White Mountains na California kuma tana da shekaru sama da 4,800.

Taiga (Dajin Boreal)

Dajin Taiga, ko Boreal Forest, ya mamaye Kanada, Rasha, da Scandinavia, wanda ya zama mafi girma a duniya. Wadannan dazuzzukan dazuzzukan suna da mahimmancin nutsewar carbon kuma gida ga nau'ikan da suka dace da yanayin sanyi. Kiyaye Taiga yana taimakawa wajen magance sauyin yanayi da kuma tallafawa nau'ikan halittu.

Fun Gaskiya: Taiga tana wakiltar kusan kashi 30% na murfin gandun daji na duniya, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ɗaukar carbon dioxide daga sararin samaniya.

tundra

Tundra, tare da sanyi, filaye mara bishiyu da permafrost, tunatarwa ne na matuƙar yanayi da kuma raunin rayuwa a cikin yanayi mai tsauri. An samo shi a yankunan Arctic da manyan tsaunuka, Tundra yana da mahimmanci wajen daidaita yanayin yanayin duniya da tallafawa namun daji na musamman.

Fun Gaskiya: Tundra na Arctic gida ne ga babban maharbi mafi girma kuma mafi nasara a kasa, bear bear, wanda zai iya tafiya sama da kilomita 30 a rana don neman abinci.

Marine Biomes

Biomes na ruwa, wanda ke rufe kusan kashi 70% na saman duniya, sun haɗa da tekuna, murjani reefs, da estuaries. Suna tallafawa nau'ikan rayuwa iri-iri kuma suna da mahimmanci ga ka'idojin yanayin duniya. Kare tekunan mu yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye lafiyar duniya.

Fun Gaskiya: Babban Barrier Reef a Ostiraliya shine tsarin murjani mafi girma a duniya, wanda ya kai nisan kilomita 2,300 kuma yana daukar nauyin nau'ikan kifaye sama da 1,500.

Freshwater Biomes

Ruhin halittun halittu, kamar koguna, tafkuna, da kuma busasje, suna ba da mazaunin yanayi kuma suna da mahimmanci ga rayuwar mutum. Tafkuna, koguna, da dausayi suna riƙe da kashi 20-30% na carbon ɗin duniya duk da mamaye kashi 5-8% na ƙasar. Kogin Nilu, wanda aka fi sani da shi a matsayin mashigar ruwa mafi tsayi a duniya, yana misalta mahimmancin mahimmancin yanayin muhallin ruwa.

Fun Gaskiya: Kogin Nilu, wanda ake kallonsa a matsayin mashigar ruwa mafi tsayi a duniya, ya ratsa kasashe 11 daban-daban kuma ya kai tsawon kilomita 6,695.

Tsarin muhalli na ƙasa da ƙasa

Kasa da Ruwa

Ƙasa ita ce mafi yawan mazaunin duniya, tare da kusan 60% na kowane nau'in da ke zaune a cikinsa. Kasa mai lafiya adana yawan adadin carbon, wanda, idan aka sake shi, zai haifar da ɗumamar yanayi mai yawa. Kawai 0.5% na ruwa a Duniya ana amfani da shi kuma akwai ruwa mai daɗi, kuma canjin yanayi yana da haɗari ga wannan wadata. A cikin shekaru ashirin da suka wuce, ajiyar ruwa na tushen ƙasa-ciki har da danshin ƙasa, dusar ƙanƙara, da kankara -ya ragu a cikin adadin santimita 1 a kowace shekara, yana yin tasiri sosai ga tsaron ruwa da samar da abinci.

Ryasashe masu bushewa

Drylands rufe 41% na saman duniya da kashi 78% na duniya yankunan karkara. Suna haifarwa 44% na amfanin gonakin duniya, samar da abinci ga rabin dabbobin duniya, da tallafawa rayuwa da rayuwar mutane sama da biliyan biyu. Duk da yanayin da suke da shi, busasshiyar ƙasa tana gida fiye da kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na dazuzzukan duniya da kuma kashi uku na wuraren da ake fama da bambancin halittu na duniya. Kare bushes yana da mahimmanci don dorewar yanayin muhalli da al'ummomin da suka dogara da su.

Filayen noma da Muhalli na Birane

Filayen gonaki

Filayen noma suna da mahimmanci ga samar da abinci a duniya, duk da haka suna fuskantar ƙalubale masu yawa. Kowane daƙiƙa biyar, kwatankwacin filin ƙwallon ƙafa ɗaya na ƙasa yana lalacewa. Ana ɗaukar shekaru 1,000 kafin a samar da ƙasa mai girman santimita 3 kacal, kuma a duk shekara, sama da tan biliyan 24 na ƙasa mai tsada ake wankewa ko kuma bacewa. Fadada aikin gona na ci gaba da yin barazana ga gandun daji da halittu. Duniya za ta buƙaci haɓaka yawan abincinta da kashi 60-70% don ciyar da al'ummar ɗan adam da aka yi hasashen za su kai biliyan 9 nan da shekarar 2050. Kusan kashi 75 cikin 35 na 'ya'yan itace da iri na duniya sun dogara da masu yin pollinators kamar ƙudan zuma, wanda ke ba da gudummawar kashi XNUMX% na yawan amfanin gona a duniya. Duk da mahimmancin su, masu yin pollin suna cikin mummunan raguwa saboda ayyukan noma mai tsanani, amfani da magungunan kashe qwari, nau'in ɓarna, cututtuka, da sauyin yanayi. A duniya baki daya, akalla mutane biliyan biyu ne suka dogara da fannin noma domin rayuwarsu, musamman talakawa da mazauna karkara.

Cities

Biranen sun mamaye kashi 3 cikin 75 na sararin duniya amma suna gida ga fiye da rabin mutanenta. Suna da kashi 60% na albarkatun duniya da amfani da makamashi kuma suna samar da fiye da rabin sharar duniya da aƙalla kashi XNUMX% na hayaƙi mai gurbata yanayi. Fiye da kashi ɗaya bisa uku na manyan biranen, ciki har da Barcelona, Bogota, New York, da Tokyo, suna samar da wani muhimmin kaso na ingantaccen ruwan sha daga dazuzzukan da ke kusa. Bishiyoyi a cikin birane na iya kwantar da iska har zuwa 5 ° C, yana rage bukatun kwandishan da 25%. Bishiyoyin birni suna ba da fa'idodin kiwon lafiya da yawa kamar ruwa mai tsafta, iska mai tsafta, da rage ambaliya.

Tare, Zamu Iya Yin Bambanci

Ranar Muhalli ta Duniya ba ta wuce rana ɗaya kawai ba - motsi ne na canji. Ta hanyar shiga, kuna haɗuwa da miliyoyin mutane a duk duniya don ɗaukar matsayi don muhallinmu. Mu hada hannu wajen maido da kasarmu, da hana kwararowar hamada, da samar da juriya ga fari. Komai ƙanƙanta, kowane aiki yana ba da gudummawa ga mafi koshin lafiya kuma mafi dorewa a duniya.

Yi rijista Yanzu kuma Kasance cikin Canjin!

Yi rijistar taron ku akan Ranar Muhalli ta Duniya Yanar Gizon Taswirar Duniya don sanya shigar ku a hukumance. Za ku shiga cibiyar sadarwar duniya na zakarun muhalli da karbi takardar shaidar shiga daga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sanin irin gudunmawar ku ga wannan muhimmin aiki.

Kiranmu Zuwa Aiki

Yayin da muke bikin Ranar Muhalli ta Duniya, bari mu yi alƙawarin kare waɗannan halittu masu rai a duniyarmu. Kowane mataki yana da ƙima-ko yana rage sawun carbon ɗin mu, tallafawa ƙoƙarin kiyaye muhalli, ko yada wayar da kan jama'a. Tare, za mu iya tabbatar da kyakkyawar makoma mai koren lafiya ga kowa.

Kasance tare da mu don girmamawa da kare abubuwan ban mamaki na duniyarmu a yau da kowace rana! Tuntube mu ga gwani Nasiha mai kyau na yanayi da yanayi don ƙungiyar ku ko kasuwancin ku, samun fa'ida mai fa'ida da yin canji.

Written by Yves Hemelryck ne adam wata, daga Green Initiative tawagar.